imap_fetch_overview

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

imap_fetch_overviewRead an overview of the information in the headers of the given message

说明

imap_fetch_overview ( resource $imap , string $sequence , int $flags = 0 ) : array|false

This function fetches mail headers for the given sequence and returns an overview of their contents.

参数

imap

imap_open() 返回的 IMAP 流。

sequence

A message sequence description. You can enumerate desired messages with the X,Y syntax, or retrieve all messages within an interval with the X:Y syntax

flags

sequence will contain a sequence of message indices or UIDs, if this parameter is set to FT_UID.

返回值

Returns an array of objects describing one message header each. The object will only define a property if it exists. The possible properties are:

  • subject - the messages subject
  • from - who sent it
  • to - recipient
  • date - when was it sent
  • message_id - Message-ID
  • references - is a reference to this message id
  • in_reply_to - is a reply to this message id
  • size - size in bytes
  • uid - UID the message has in the mailbox
  • msgno - message sequence number in the mailbox
  • recent - this message is flagged as recent
  • flagged - this message is flagged
  • answered - this message is flagged as answered
  • deleted - this message is flagged for deletion
  • seen - this message is flagged as already read
  • draft - this message is flagged as being a draft
  • udate - the UNIX timestamp of the arrival date
The function returns false on failure.

范例

Example #1 imap_fetch_overview() example

<?php
$mbox 
imap_open("{imap.example.org:143}INBOX""username""password")
     or die(
"can't connect: " imap_last_error());

$MC imap_check($mbox);

// Fetch an overview for all messages in INBOX
$result imap_fetch_overview($mbox,"1:{$MC->Nmsgs}",0);
foreach (
$result as $overview) {
    echo 
"#{$overview->msgno} ({$overview->date}) - From: {$overview->from}
    
{$overview->subject}\n";
}
imap_close($mbox);
?>

参见

User Contributed Notes

damien at dipisoft dot com 17-Jan-2021 12:06
This is not documented but I just found out that with the FT_UID flag you can use "-1" in sequence as the last identifier. Example:

<?php
   
[...]
   
$result = imap_fetch_overview($mbox, "$first_uid:-1", FT_UID);
    [...]
?>
vijayakumard01 at gmail dot com 15-Feb-2017 12:30
While using fetch overview it displays only single mail. i need to display mail with replied and forward and all. how its possible?
undernetangel at gmail dot com 25-Jan-2017 10:12
There is a typo in the manual. The correct return value for arrival time is:  udate not update.
Ap.Muthu 06-Oct-2015 11:31
The use of the $range parameter is explained in the example at: http://www.phpdig.net/ref/rn31re596.html

<?php
$imap
= imap_open("{localhost}INBOX","graeme","inferno");

// fetch message information for message 2
// and messages 4 to 6
$info = imap_fetch_overview($imap, "2,4:6");

?>

<table border=1>
<tr><th>Read</th><th>From</th><th>Date</th><th>Subject</th></tr>

<?php
// loop through the array
foreach ($info as $msg) {
   echo
"<tr>";

  
// display the seen property nicely
  
if ($msg->seen == 1) {
     
$read = "Yes";
   } else {
     
$read = "No";
   }

  
// print other message information
  
printf("<td>%s</td>", $read);
  
printf("<td>%s</td>", $msg->from);
  
printf("<td>%s</td>", $msg->date);
  
printf("<td>%s</td>", $msg->subject);
}

imap_close($imap);
?>
Nitrogen 20-Feb-2015 01:18
Judging from the comments here, it appears like people are forgetting the basics to already-available PHP sorting functions. Use usort(); and the tiniest custom function ever to compare them all.

Change the arguments to imap_fetch_overview to your own, obviously.

<?php
$result
= imap_fetch_overview($imap_stream, '1:10', 0);

usort($result, function($a, $b) {
  return(
$b->udate-$a->udate);
});
?>

This usort function will look at each overview and order them in the exact latest to oldest message order as determined by the "udate" value for each message. This works. I'm using it. They're sorted in the exact order they appear in my actual inbox. Why obfuscate it any more?
jeff at newscloud dot com 13-Jan-2014 03:25
The Remote class here (https://github.com/newscloud/mail_filter/blob/master/app/protected/models/Remote.php) has a lot of examples of processing mailbox folders with imap-fetch-overview:

        $this->open($account_id,$this->path_inbox);
         $recent_messages = @imap_search($this->stream, 'SINCE "'.date("j F Y",$tstamp).'"',SE_UID); // 30 November 2013
         if ($recent_messages===false) continue; // to do - continue into next account
         $result = imap_fetch_overview($this->stream, implode(',',array_slice($recent_messages,0,$message_limit)),FT_UID);
         foreach ($result as $item) {        
           $msg = $this->parseHeader($item);
rueda dot raul at gmail dot com 18-Dec-2013 04:52
English:
I've found that for some messages, this function and also function imap_headerinfo(), can't decode the message_id information and returns an ID like "<xxxxxxxxx@unknownmsgid>"

In these cases, I use the following to get the correct messageid:

$header=imap_rfc822_parse_headers(imap_fetchheader($mbox,$msgno))

Spanish:
Con algunos mensajes, esta funcion, al igual que la funcion imap_headerinfo(), no pueden decodificar correctamente la información del ID de mensaje y devuelven un ID como este "<xxxxxxxxx@unknownmsgid>"

En esos casos, uso lo siguiente para obtener el ID de mensaje correcto:

$header=imap_rfc822_parse_headers(imap_fetchheader($mbox,$msgno))
info at djdb dot be 23-Oct-2012 07:25
If you lost a mail use this
<?php
   
public function READallUnreadmail(){
        if (
$headers = imap_check($this->msgbox)){
           
$lastnr = $headers->Nmsgs;
            if (
$mails=imap_fetch_overview($this->msgbox,"1:".$lastnr,0)){
                while (list(
$key, $val) = each($mails)) {
                   if (++
$key>=0&&$header= imap_header($this->msgbox, $key)){
                        if(
$header->Unseen=='U'||$header->Recent=='R'){
                            echo
"<br>".$val->msgno." - ".$val->date." - ".$val->subject."\n<br>";
                            print
"IREAD".$header->Msgno;
                           
//$this->getattachmentof($header->Msgno);
                       
}
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
?>
thinice at gmail dot com 06-Apr-2011 05:31
Hopefully someone will find this a jumpstarter for a sortable, paginated list:

<?php
public function listMessages($nStart=0, $nCnt=10) {
   
    if (!
$this->loaded) {
        return
NULL;
    }
   
    if ((
$nStart+$nCnt) > $this->getNum()) {
       
$nCnt = $this->getNum()-$nStart;
    }
   
   
$aMsgs = imap_fetch_overview($this->rCon, ($nStart+1).':'.($nStart+$nCnt));
   
$aRet = array();
    if (
$aMsgs) {
        foreach (
$aMsgs as $msg) {
           
$aRet[$msg->udate] = $msg;
        }
    }
   
   
krsort($aRet);
   
   
var_dump($aRet);
}
?>
will 20-Jun-2009 09:43
This seems to retrieve incomplete values for headers, instead of getting the entire value, it gets the first. for example, this is a valid To: header

To: [email protected],[email protected]
     [email protected]

but imap_fetch_overview will only return:
[email protected]
dognose 16-Jan-2009 09:15
That's right:

calling imap_fetch_overview() once is faster, than calling it
in a loop.

But if you want to get a "day sorted" list, you need to call it in a loop, cause if you enter a "string" of UIDs, they are always sorted by UID, not by the order you entered it.

Heres a little example how to get a date-sorted list:

<?php
/*Sort all msgs by Arrival Date. Newest = 0, oldest = Array Count*/
/*returns an array, containing the UIDs of messages*/
$SortedArray = imap_sort($Handle,SORTARRIVAL,1,SE_UID);

For (
$i = $Start; $i< $Start + $Limit; $i++){
     
/*Read UID from Sorted Array*/
     
$UID = $SortedArray[$i];
     
     
/*Get Detailed MSG Infos*/
     
$Overview = imap_fetch_overview($Handle, $UID, FT_UID);

      [...]
}
?>
xhack at web dot de 20-Mar-2007 07:05
you want a sortet list of mails, but you get always the same order? your c-client seems to cause this. i realized this with linux libc6-2.3.6 and php-5.2.0

try this little code:

# here you try to sort by your criteria
$sort=@imap_sort($mbox,SORTDATE,1,SE_UID);
 
# here the order of the messages to fetch should be recognised, but it isn't

$tmp=@imap_fetch_overview($mbox,implode(',',$sort),FT_UID);
# so try to work around simply:
for($i=0;$i<count($tmp);$i++)
{ $liste[$i]=$tmp[array_search($tmp[$i]->uid,$sort)]; }

so now you can use the sort by date, address, and so on.
raja at aonic dot net 14-Mar-2007 11:22
Here is a function to get messages from IMAP and sort them for pagination.

<?php
   
/**
     * Return array of IMAP messages for pagination
     *
     * @param   int     $page       page number to get
     * @param   int     $per_page   number of results per page
     * @param   array   $sort       array('subject', 'asc') etc
     *
     * @return  mixed   array containing imap_fetch_overview, pages, and total rows if successful, false if an error occurred
     * @author  Raja K
     */
   
public function listMessages($page = 1, $per_page = 25, $sort = null) {
       
$limit = ($per_page * $page);
       
$start = ($limit - $per_page) + 1;
       
$start = ($start < 1) ? 1 : $start;
       
$limit = (($limit - $start) != ($per_page-1)) ? ($start + ($per_page-1)) : $limit;
       
$info = imap_check($this->_imap_stream);
       
$limit = ($info->Nmsgs < $limit) ? $info->Nmsgs : $limit;
 
        if(
true === is_array($sort)) {
           
$sorting = array(
                       
'direction' => array(   'asc' => 0,
                                               
'desc' => 1),
 
                       
'by'        => array(   'date' => SORTDATE,
                                               
'arrival' => SORTARRIVAL,
                                               
'from' => SORTFROM,
                                               
'subject' => SORTSUBJECT,
                                               
'size' => SORTSIZE));
           
$by = (true === is_int($by = $sorting['by'][$sort[0]]))
                            ?
$by
                           
: $sorting['by']['date'];
           
$direction = (true === is_int($direction = $sorting['direction'][$sort[1]]))
                            ?
$direction
                           
: $sorting['direction']['desc'];
 
           
$sorted = imap_sort($this->_imap_stream, $by, $direction);
 
           
$msgs = array_chunk($sorted, $per_page);
           
$msgs = $msgs[$page-1];
        }
        else
           
$msgs = range($start, $limit); //just to keep it consistent
 
       
$result = imap_fetch_overview($this->_imap_stream, implode($msgs, ','), 0);
        if(
false === is_array($result)) return false;
 
       
//sorting!
       
if(true === is_array($sorted)) {
           
$tmp_result = array();
            foreach(
$result as $r)
               
$tmp_result[$r->msgno] = $r;
 
           
$result = array();
            foreach(
$msgs as $msgno) {
               
$result[] = $tmp_result[$msgno];
            }
        }
 
       
$return = array('res' => $result,
                       
'start' => $start,
                       
'limit' => $limit,
                       
'sorting' => array('by' => $sort[0], 'direction' => $sort[1]),
                       
'total' => imap_num_msg($this->_imap_stream));
       
$return['pages'] = ceil($return['total'] / $per_page);
        return
$return;
    }
?>
Group-Office Developer 09-Apr-2004 05:21
About the sequence sorting again.
I've found that there's a significant speed improvement by preparing the sequence and then fetch them at once with large mailboxes. On small mailboxes wyou will not notice a speed difference.

But then there's the sorting problem. I've spent all night fiuring out how to do this myself. I found the solution!

Prepare an array of messages with imap_sort. Create a second array that maps the message numbers to the actuall place in the fetched array.
You know it will be in numeric order so you can make an array map with the sort() function sorting it from high to low.
Then you can proces the array fetched with imap_fetch_overview with the array_map and you will have them sorted. If you need an example look in the Group-Office code classes/imap.class.inc in a version later then 2.04.
mails at slueoend dot ch 14-Dec-2003 04:15
Not that this function and all other imap_fetch*-functions will download the whole message and not just the header information.
se at designlinks dot net 02-Jul-2003 06:42
To further explain 'warrenfalk's comment, the following sequences are exactly the same, and always returns messages with lowest UID to highest UID:

1:5
5:1
1,2,3,4,5
5,4,3,2,1
3,2,5,1,4

(always returned as 1,2,3,4,5)
suurenbroekNoSpam at ov35 dot NoSpam dot nl 14-Oct-2002 04:34
Note that these object-variables only exist when they are actually in the mail.

This means that if a mail has no subject, the property $val->subject will not exist.

Calling $val->subject will generate an notice:
Notice: Undefined property: subject in /home/html/inc/Mbox.php on line xxx

Use this to check it:
if (array_key_exists( "subject", get_object_vars($val)))
   $subj=$val->subject;
else
   $subj="";
trionon at mail dot ru 25-Feb-2002 10:13
This performance hint is useful if you need to print the result of imap_sort():

It's faster to prepare large string with UIDs and then to call imap_fetchoverview once than calling imap_fetchoverview in a loop.
steve at stevenchalker dot net 09-Nov-2001 08:26
I think if you go like a list, you can list your "hotmail" messages.
<?php
$mbox
=imap_open("{imap.server.com}","user","pass");
$MC=imap_check($mbox);
$MN=$MC->Nmsgs;
$overview=imap_fetch_overview($mbox,"1:$MN",0);
$size=sizeof($overview);
for(
$i=$size-1;$i>=0;$i--){
$val=$overview[$i];
$msg=$val->msgno;
$from=$val->from;
$date=$val->date;
$subj=$val->subject;
echo
"#$msg: From:'$from' Date:'$date' Subject:'$subj'<BR>";
imap_close($mbox);
?>