If there is no confidence about output buffering (enabled or not),
you may try these guards:
<?php
while (ob_get_level() !== 0) {
ob_end_clean();
}
// or
while (ob_get_length() !== false) {
ob_end_clean();
}
?>
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
ob_end_clean — 清空（擦除）缓冲区并关闭输出缓冲
此函数丢弃最顶层输出缓冲区的内容并关闭这个缓冲区。如果想要进一步处理缓冲区的内容，必须在ob_end_clean()之前调用ob_get_contents()，因为当调用ob_end_clean()时缓冲区内容将被丢弃。
成功时返回 true， 或者在失败时返回 false。 错误的原因首先是，在调用时没有一个起作用的缓冲区，或者是因为某些原因缓冲区不能被删除（可能对特殊缓冲区而言）。
如果函数失败了，将引发一个E_NOTICE异常。
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 4.2.0 | 添加了布尔返回值。 |
下面的例子给出了一种去除所有输出缓冲区的方法：
Example #1 ob_end_clean() example
<?php
ob_start();
echo 'Text that won\'t get displayed.';
ob_end_clean();
?>
If there is no confidence about output buffering (enabled or not),
you may try these guards:
<?php
while (ob_get_level() !== 0) {
ob_end_clean();
}
// or
while (ob_get_length() !== false) {
ob_end_clean();
}
?>
To safely clear and close all non-lethal output buffers:
<?php
function ob_end_clean_all() {
$handlers = ob_list_handlers();
while (count($handlers) > 0 && $handlers[count($handlers) - 1] != 'ob_gzhandler' && $handlers[count($handlers) - 1] != 'zlib output compression') {
ob_end_clean();
$handlers = ob_list_handlers();
}
}
Take note that if you change zlib output compression setting in between ob_start and ob_end_clean or ob_end_flush, you will get an error: ob_end_flush() failed to delete buffer zlib output compression
Example:
<?php
ob_start();
$output = ob_get_contents();
ini_set('zlib.output_compression', '1');
ob_end_clean();
?>
ob_end_clean(); in this example will throw the error.
Notice that ob_end_clean() does discard headers.
If you would like to clear the output buffer, but not the headers (because you use firephp for example...), than this is the solution:
<?php
...
$headers = array();
if ( !headers_sent() ) {
$headers = apache_response_headers();
}
ob_end_clean();
ob_start();
if ( !empty( $headers ) ) {
foreach ( $headers as $name => $value ) {
header( "$name: $value" );
}
}
...
?>
I use it in a general exception handler in a web application, where I clear the buffer (but not the debug-info-containing headers), and send a 500 error page with readfile().
Good PHPing,
Tamas.
In reference to <geoff at spacevs dot com> where he states, "If you call ob_end_clean in a function registered with 'register_shutdown_function', it is too late, any buffers will have already been sent out to the client.", here is a workaround I came up with.
<?php
function ClearBuffer($Buffer) {
return "";
}
function Shutdown() {
ob_start("ClearBuffer");
}
register_shutdown_function("Shutdown");
?>
This will wipe out all the contents of the output buffer as it comes in. Basically its the same as "STDOUT > /dev/null".
If you call ob_end_clean in a function registered with "register_shutdown_function", it is too late, any buffers will have already been sent out to the client.
Keep in mind that mrfritz379's example (#49800) is just an example. You can achieve that example's result in a more efficient manner without using output buffering functions:
echo "<p>Search running. Please be patient. . .";
$output = "<p>FileList: </p>\n";
if (is_dir($dir)) {
$dh = opendir($dir);
while (($fd = readdir($dh)) != false) {
echo " .";
$output .= $fd;
}
}
echo "</br>Search Complete!</p>\n";
echo $output;
In addition to John Smith's comment (#42939), ob_gzhandler() may still set the HTTP header "Content-Encoding" to "gzip" or "deflate" even if you call ob_end_clean(). This will cause a problem in the following situation:
1. Call ob_gzhandler().
2. Echo "Some content";
3. Call ob_end_clean().
4. Echo "New content";
In the above case, the browser may receive the "Content-Encoding: gzip" HTTP header and attempts to decompress the uncompressed "New content". The browser will fail.
In the following situation, this behaviour will go unnoticed:
1. Call ob_gzhandler().
2. Echo "Some content";
3. Call ob_end_clean().
4. Call ob_gzhandler().
5. Echo "New content";
This is because the second ob_gzhandler() will mask the absence of the first ob_gzhandler().
A solution would be to write a wrapper, like John Smith did, for the ob_gzhandler().
You may want to be careful about calling ob_end_clean() from within your call-back function. I believe this can produce an endless-loop within PHP.
This may be posted elsewhere, but I haven't seen it.
To run a progress indicator while the program is running without outputting the output buffer, the following will work:
echo "<p>Search running. Please be patient. . .";
$output = "<p>FileList: </p>\n";
if (is_dir($dir)) {
$dh = opendir($dir);
while (($fd = readdir($dh)) != false) {
echo " .";
ob_start();
echo $fd;
$output .= ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
}
}
echo "</br>Search Complete!</p>\n";
echo $output;
The program will continue to print the " ." without printing the file list. Then the "Search Complete" message will print followed by the buffered file list.
Note that if you started called ob_start with a callback, that callback will still be called even if you discard the OB with ob_end_clean.
Because there is no way of removing the callback from the OB once you've set it, the only way to stop the callback function from having any effect is to do something like:
<?php
$ignore_callback = false;
ob_start('my_callback');
...
if($need_to_abort) {
$ignore_callback = true;
ob_end_clean();
...
}
function my_callback(&$buffer) {
if($GLOBALS['ignore_callback']) {
return "";
}
...
}
?>
About the previous comment:
You can also relay on ETag and simply use time()
<?php
$time = time();
$mins = 1;
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH']) and str_replace('"', '', $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'])+($mins*60) > $time)
{
header('HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified');
exit();
}
else
{
header('ETag: "'.$time.'"');
}
echo 'Caching for ', $mins*60, 'secs<br/>', date('G:i:s');
?>
You might want to prevent your script from executing if the client already has the latest version.
You can do it like so:
ob_start();
$mtime=filemtime($_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"])-date("Z");
$gmt_mtime = date('D, d M Y H:i:s', $mtime) . ' GMT';
$headers = getallheaders();
if(isset($headers["If-Modified-Since"])) {
if ($headers["If-Modified-Since"] == $gmt_mtime) {
header("HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified");
ob_end_clean();
exit;
}
}
$size=ob_get_length();
header("Last-Modified: ".$gmt_mtime);
header("Content-Length: $size");
ob_end_flush();
Instead of checking the If-Modified-Since-Header against the date of the last modification of the script, you can of course query a database or take any other date that is somehow related to the modification of the result of your script.
You can for instance use this technique to generate images dynamically. If the user indicates he already has a version of the image by the If-Modified-Since-Header, there's no need to generate it and let the server finally discard it because the server only then interpretes the If-Modified-Since-Header.
This saves server load and shortens response-times.