strptime

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

strptime解析由 strftime() 生成的日期/时间

说明

strptime ( string $date , string $format ) : array

strptime() 返回一个将 date 解析后的数组,如果出错返回 false

月份和星期几的名字以及其它与语种有关的字符串对应于 setlocale()设定的当前区域(LC_TIME)。

参数

datestring

被解析的字符串(例如从 strftime() 返回的)

formatstring

date 所使用的格式(例如同 strftime() 中所使用的相同)。

更多有关格式选项的信息见 strftime() 页面。

返回值

返回一个数组 或者在失败时返回 false

数组中包含以下单元
键名 说明
tm_sec 当前分钟内的秒数(0-61)
tm_min 当前小时内的分钟数(0-59)
tm_hour 午夜起的小时数(0-23)
tm_mday 月份中的第几天(1-31)
tm_mon 自一月起过了几个月(0-11)
tm_year 自 1900 年起过了几年
tm_wday 自星期天起过了几天(0-6)
tm_yday 本年自一月一日起过了多少天(0-365)
unparsed date 中未能通过指定的 format 识别的部分

范例

Example #1 strptime() 例子

<?php
$format 
'%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S';
$strf strftime($format);

echo 
"$strf\n";

print_r(strptime($strf$format));
?>

以上例程的输出类似于:

03/10/2004 15:54:19

Array
(
    [tm_sec] => 19
    [tm_min] => 54
    [tm_hour] => 15
    [tm_mday] => 3
    [tm_mon] => 9
    [tm_year] => 104
    [tm_wday] => 0
    [tm_yday] => 276
    [unparsed] =>
)

注释

Note: 此函数未在 Windows 平台下实现。

Note:

Internally, this function calls the strptime() function provided by the system's C library. This function can exhibit noticeably different behaviour across different operating systems. The use of date_parse_from_format(), which does not suffer from these issues, is recommended on PHP 5.3.0 and later.

Note:

"tm_sec" includes any leap seconds (currently upto 2 a year). For more information on leap seconds, see the » Wikipedia article on leap seconds.

Note:

Prior to PHP 5.2.0, this function could return undefined behaviour. Notably, the "tm_sec", "tm_min" and "tm_hour" entries would return undefined values.

参见

User Contributed Notes

peter at removethisplease dot ddcrew dot com 07-Oct-2014 01:48
emanuil's comment / mktime() example is wrong, in that his mktime() line should have $ts['tm_mon'] + 1 because strptime() returns the months zero-based, while mktime() expects it one-based.
arnold at nijboer dot it 26-Jan-2014 02:28
the example (or the function) has an inconsistancy with other PHP functions.

the example returns 104 for the year 2004

while in the strftime function the 2 digit year is 70-100 for 1970-2000
and 1-69 for 2001-2069
emanuil dot tolev at gmail dot com 21-Jun-2012 04:08
Be careful: the output of strptime() ( http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strptime.php ) cannot always be used with mktime() ( http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.mktime.php )!

This is not because of what platform you're using or what format strings glibc supports. This is simply because strptime returns years SINCE 1900 (as documented above) and mktime expects a year in the format returned by date('Y') - which is the full 4 digits.

Therefore, if you parse a date with strptime and want to give it to mktime, you have to pass in ($parsed_time['tm_year'] + 1900) as the year parameter to mktime(), not just $parsed_time['tm_year'].

This issue arose when I had a date like: 19/06/2012 12:03:34. strtotime() doesn't parse this particular format, so I needed custom parsing. So I ended up with:
1. $ts = $service->getNeededDateTime();
2. $ts = strptime($ts, '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S');
3. $ts = mktime($ts['tm_hour'], $ts['tm_min'], $ts['tm_sec'],
      $ts['tm_mon'], $ts['tm_mday'], ($ts['tm_year'] + 1900));
131 21-Apr-2011 12:17
Another portage for windows (from ex/yks toolkit)
<?php
//  public static
function strptime($date, $format) {
   
$masks = array(
     
'%d' => '(?P<d>[0-9]{2})',
     
'%m' => '(?P<m>[0-9]{2})',
     
'%Y' => '(?P<Y>[0-9]{4})',
     
'%H' => '(?P<H>[0-9]{2})',
     
'%M' => '(?P<M>[0-9]{2})',
     
'%S' => '(?P<S>[0-9]{2})',
    
// usw..
   
);

   
$rexep = "#".strtr(preg_quote($format), $masks)."#";
    if(!
preg_match($rexep, $date, $out))
      return
false;

   
$ret = array(
     
"tm_sec"  => (int) $out['S'],
     
"tm_min"  => (int) $out['M'],
     
"tm_hour" => (int) $out['H'],
     
"tm_mday" => (int) $out['d'],
     
"tm_mon"  => $out['m']?$out['m']-1:0,
     
"tm_year" => $out['Y'] > 1900 ? $out['Y'] - 1900 : 0,
    );
    return
$ret;
  }
?>
Quietust 27-Feb-2009 08:38
On some systems, particularly those of BSD lineage (such as FreeBSD and MacOS X), the tm_wday and tm_yday fields are only initialized if requested explicitly (that is, if the %a/%A/%u/%w and %j formats are specified), while others such as Linux and Solaris will calculate them automatically.
Altar 2010 24-Oct-2008 01:45
If you want to parse a date or a /time in windows env, i re-write strptime function for windows.

I use the same param and i return the same think that the original one.
I use sscanf to parde the string.
Only some format can be parsed (%S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y)

See this page (because the function is too big for this notes)
http://sauron.lionel.free.fr/?page=php_lib_strptime

preview :
<?php
/**
 * Parse a time/date generated with strftime().
 *
 * This function is the same as the original one defined by PHP (Linux/Unix only),
 *  but now you can use it on Windows too.
 *  Limitation : Only this format can be parsed %S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y
 *
 * @author Lionel SAURON
 * @version 1.0
 * @public
 *
 * @param $sDate(string)    The string to parse (e.g. returned from strftime()).
 * @param $sFormat(string)  The format used in date  (e.g. the same as used in strftime()).
 * @return (array)          Returns an array with the <code>$sDate</code> parsed, or <code>false</code> on error.
 */
if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
{
    function
strptime($sDate, $sFormat)
    {
       
$aResult = array
        (
           
'tm_sec'   => 0,
           
'tm_min'   => 0,
           
'tm_hour'  => 0,
           
'tm_mday'  => 1,
           
'tm_mon'   => 0,
           
'tm_year'  => 0,
           
'tm_wday'  => 0,
           
'tm_yday'  => 0,
           
'unparsed' => $sDate,
        );
       
        while(
$sFormat != "")
        {
           
// ===== Search a %x element, Check the static string before the %x =====
           
$nIdxFound = strpos($sFormat, '%');
            if(
$nIdxFound === false)
            {
               
               
// There is no more format. Check the last static string.
               
$aResult['unparsed'] = ($sFormat == $sDate) ? "" : $sDate;
                break;
            }
       
        .....
        .....
        .....
        .....
       
       
// ===== Create the other value of the result array =====
       
$nParsedDateTimestamp = mktime($aResult['tm_hour'], $aResult['tm_min'], $aResult['tm_sec'],
                               
$aResult['tm_mon'] + 1, $aResult['tm_mday'], $aResult['tm_year'] + 1900);
       
       
// Before PHP 5.1 return -1 when error
       
if(($nParsedDateTimestamp === false)
        ||(
$nParsedDateTimestamp === -1)) return false;
       
       
$aResult['tm_wday'] = (int) strftime("%w", $nParsedDateTimestamp); // Days since Sunday (0-6)
       
$aResult['tm_yday'] = (strftime("%j", $nParsedDateTimestamp) - 1); // Days since January 1 (0-365)

       
return $aResult;
    }
// END of function
   
} // END if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
?>
firefox3107 at gmail dot com 23-Mar-2008 06:44
For Windows user! It's rather the same as strptime!
It uses the previous function: but call strToTime($date, $format) to strToDate($date, $format) because this name is forgiven!

<?php
function strToDateTime($date, $format) {
    if(!(
$date = strToDate($date, $format))) return;
   
$dateTime = array('sec' => 0, 'min' => 0, 'hour' => 0, 'day' => 0, 'mon' => 0, 'year' => 0, 'timestamp' => 0);
    foreach(
$date as $key => $val) {
        switch(
$key) {
            case
'd':
            case
'j': $dateTime['day'] = intval($val); break;
            case
'D': $dateTime['day'] = intval(date('j', $val)); break;
           
            case
'm':
            case
'n': $dateTime['mon'] = intval($val); break;
            case
'M': $dateTime['mon'] = intval(date('n', $val)); break;
           
            case
'Y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val); break;
            case
'y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val)+2000; break;
           
            case
'G':
            case
'g':
            case
'H':
            case
'h': $dateTime['hour'] = intval($val); break;
           
            case
'i': $dateTime['min'] = intval($val); break;
           
            case
's': $dateTime['sec'] = intval($val); break;
        }
    }
   
$dateTime['timestamp'] = mktime($dateTime['hour'], $dateTime['min'], $dateTime['sec'], $dateTime['mon'], $dateTime['day'], $dateTime['year']);
    return
$dateTime;
}
?>
P. 30-Jan-2008 04:19
If strptime() fails to match all of the format string and therefore an error occurred the function returns NULL.
chad 0x40 herballure 0x2e com 15-Jun-2007 07:00
The result of strptime() is not affected by the current timezone setting, even though strftime() is. Tested in PHP 5.1.6.
svenr at selfhtml dot org 23-Nov-2006 01:44
If you need strptime but are restricted to a php version which does not support it (windows or before PHP 5), note that MySQL since Version 4.1.1 offers (almost?) the same functionality with the STR_TO_DATE function.

See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html
DT <pwadas at gazeta dot pl> 10-Aug-2006 12:55
<?php
//This turns non-standard but often used "datetime" string
//like '20060810084251' into nice formatted date
//'Thursday, 10 August 2006 08:42:51 CEST'
//note, that strptime returns day of year counting from 0, so
//you need to put 1 as month number to get appropriate
//month for the daycount. for 2006 strptime for unknown
//reason returns 106, so I simply add 1900

$informat = '%Y%m%d%H%M%S';
$outformat '%A, %d %B %Y %T %Z';
$ftime = strptime("20060810084251",$informat);
$unxTimestamp = mktime(
                   
$ftime['tm_hour'],
                   
$ftime['tm_min'],
                   
$ftime['tm_sec'],
                   
1 ,
                   
$ftime['tm_yday'] + 1,
                  
$ftime['tm_year'] + 1900
                
);
//setlocale(LC_TIME,'pl_PL');
echo strftime($outformat , $unxTimestamp );
?>
jojyjob at gmail dot com 13-May-2006 12:18
/***Finding the days of a week ***/

<?php

$out
= pre(); 
$outpre=nextweek();
$td=date("Y-m-d");
$result = array_reverse($outpre);
//print_r($result);
array_push($result,$td);
$newarray = array_merge($result,$out);

  foreach(
$newarray as $date1){
    echo
$date1;
    echo
"<br>";
 }

//print_r($out);
//print_r($newarray);

function pre() 
{
$monP=0;
$tueP=1;
$wedP=2;
$thuP=3;
$friP=4;
$satP=5;
$sunP=6;
 
$td=date("Y-m-d");  
//echo $td;
$tdname=date("l"); 
  switch(
$tdname)
  {
   case
"Monday":
      
$rep=$monP;
       break;
   case
"Tuesday":
      
$rep=$tueP;
       break;
   case
"Wednesday":
      
$rep=$wedP;
       break;
   case
"Thursday":
      
$rep=$thuP;
       break;
   case
"Friday":
      
$rep=$friP;
       break;
   case
"Saturday":
      
$rep=$satP;      
       break;
   case
"Sunday":
      
$rep=$sunP;      
       break;      
   default:
       echo
"Sorry";      
  }

 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td/* the starting date */
//$rep = 12;  /* number of future dates to display */
$nod = 1/* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0/* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0/* number of years in the future to increment the date */
$precon=future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy);
return
$precon;
}
function
future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 
$pre = array();
  while (
$rep >= 1) {
   
$datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
   
$datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
   
$datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
   
$fda=$datdd - $nod;
   
$fmo=$datmm - $nom;
   
$fyr=$datyy -$noy;
   
$dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>";
   
array_push($pre,$dat1);
   
//echo $dat1;
   
$datstart=$dat1;
   
$rep--;
  }
  return
$pre;
}

function
nextweek()
{
$monN=6;
$tueN=5;
$wedN=4;
$thuN=3;
$friN=2;
$satN=1;
$sunN=0;

$td=date("Y-m-d");  
$tdname=date("l"); 
  switch(
$tdname)
  {
   case
"Monday":
      
$rep=$monN;
       break;
   case
"Tuesday":
      
$rep=$tueN;
       break;
   case
"Wednesday":
      
$rep=$wedN;
       break;
   case
"Thursday":
      
$rep=$thuN;
       break;
   case
"Friday":
      
$rep=$friN;
       break;
   case
"Saturday":
      
$rep=$satN;      
       break;
   case
"Sunday":
      
$rep=$sunN;      
       break;      
   default:
       echo
"Sorry";      
  }

 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td/* the starting date */
//$rep = 12;  /* number of future dates to display */
$nod = 1/* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0/* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0/* number of years in the future to increment the date */

$con = future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy);
return
$con;
}

function
future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 
$pre = array();
  while (
$rep >= 1) {
   
$datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
   
$datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
   
$datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
   
$fda=$datdd + $nod;
   
$fmo=$datmm + $nom;
   
$fyr=$datyy + $noy;
   
$dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>";
   
array_push($pre,$dat1);
   
//echo $dat1;
   
$datstart=$dat1;
   
$rep--;
  }
  return
$pre;
}

?>
Malte Starostik 27-Mar-2006 10:45
It says "Parse a time/date generated with strftime()" but that's not entirely correct -- While strptime("2006131", "%Y%W%u") works as expected, strptime("2006131", "%G%V%u") returns false instead of reversing the equivalent - and unambiguous - strftime() usage.  I suspect that's because glibc doesn't support that.  Anyway, this docu page fails to mention that apparently not all format components supported by strftime() can be used with strptime().